Back when I was 16, my father helped me open a Roth IRA. “She’s so young!” our adviser exclaimed. “Think of how much tax money she will save!”
Retirement plans come in both traditional and Roth forms. Roth 401(k)s and IRAs do not offer a tax deduction, but money can be withdrawn tax-free during retirement.
A traditional account lets you take a tax deduction for retirement contributions. If you contribute $1,000 to an IRA or 401(k) in 2008, you can deduct $1,000 from your income for tax purposes. Any money earned through the investment is then taxed when you withdraw the money during retirement.
My trusty Roth worked well the first few years. I didn’t earn much income, and my taxes were always low. My employer took out the government’s 10% and that was that.
Move forward a few years. I am now self-employed, and with my husband earn substantially more than we did in high school and college. Suddenly, we’re being hit with self-employment taxes, a higher tax bracket, etc.
My trusty Roth is continuing to plug along, but is it still the best retirement plan for our situation? We’re in the position right now where we could really use the tax breaks a traditional retirement plan can offer.
I must admit that I don’t trust the government, either. Will they be able to resist taxing Roths in the next 40 years? Will they be encouraged or forced to tax these otherwise “tax free upon withdrawal” accounts, to make up for the financial mess our country is headed towards?
In my opinion, it can’t hurt to diversify your retirement funds. If we have both a traditional and Roth IRA, we should be able to choose “when” we are taxed in retirement. I’m aiming for an equal mix of Roth, traditional and non-retirement funds to pull from at our discretion.
Note that I mentioned non-retirement funds, such as long-term stock market investments. While there are no tax benefits to saving money outside of IRAs and 401(k)s, etc., you pay taxes on capital gains, not the entire invested amount. Of course, who knows what capital gains will be taxed at in 20 or 40 years?
What I’m really attracted to, in the case of non-retirement funds, is the ability to pull my money before age 59 1/2. We’re hoping to retire young, perhaps between 45 and 50. While the government does allow us to take “substantially equal periodic payments” before age 59 1/2, a 72(t) withdrawal, I’d rather have complete control over how much (or how little) we withdraw in early retirement.
How are you planning for retirement? Do you have a mix of tax-advantaged accounts?